{"id":4200,"date":"2025-07-22T15:22:19","date_gmt":"2025-07-22T13:22:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.mundocaos.com\/?p=4200"},"modified":"2026-02-18T18:27:08","modified_gmt":"2026-02-18T17:27:08","slug":"grundy-newbrain-ad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mundocaos.com\/?p=4200","title":{"rendered":"Grundy NewBrain AD"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>El proyecto del <strong>NewBrain <\/strong>comenz\u00f3 en 1978 cuando <strong><em>Sinclair Radionics<\/em><\/strong>, en aquel momento en quiebra y gestionada por la empresa estatal <strong>NEB <\/strong>(<em>National Enterprise Board<\/em>), inici\u00f3 el trabajo de dise\u00f1o conjuntamente con <strong>Mike Wakefield<\/strong> como dise\u00f1ador y <strong>Basil Smith<\/strong> como ingeniero de software. Este proyecto pretend\u00eda competir con Apple II, lo cual no coincid\u00eda con la idea de Clive Sinclair de crear productos econ\u00f3micos para el consumidor, por lo que cuando Sinclair vi\u00f3 que el NewBrain no podr\u00eda fabricarse a un precio inferior  a 100 libras, abandon\u00f3 el proyecto para dedicarse al desarrollo del ZX80 en su otra empresa, <strong><em>Science of Cambridge Ltd.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>El proyecto del NewBrain se traslad\u00f3 a <strong><em>Newbury Labs,<\/em><\/strong> tambi\u00e9n propiedad de la (NEB), tras el cierre de Sinclair Radionics. En 1980, Newbury anunci\u00f3 el lanzamiento inminente de tres modelos de NewBrain, incluyendo una versi\u00f3n port\u00e1til a bater\u00eda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A principios de 1980 el gobierno ingles cre\u00f3 un programa denominado BBC Enterprises debido a la gran \u00e9xito de un documental\/miniserie de televisi\u00f3n sobre ordenadores y su pronta revoluci\u00f3n. BBC Enterprises fue la encargada de dise\u00f1ar las especificaciones, requerimientos y objetivos que deber\u00edan tener los participantes en el concurso del ministerio de educaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La BBC eligi\u00f3 las caracter\u00edsticas que ten\u00edan que tener los ordenadores bas\u00e1ndose en el  NewBrain, todo parece que bajo presi\u00f3n del Ministerio de Industria, el cual controlaba la empresa <strong><em>Newbury Labs<\/em><\/strong>, As\u00ed las especificaciones t\u00e9cnicas requeridas en el concurso coincid\u00edan con el dise\u00f1o del NewBrain con la idea de que Newbury Labs ganara el concurso.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sin embargo como Newbury Labs no parec\u00eda capaz de terminar el proyecto en el plazo dado, se modificaron las especificaciones, permitiendo as\u00ed que otras compa\u00f1\u00edas se presentaran al concurso. Al concurso, adem\u00e1s del NewBrain, a\u00fan en desarrollo, se presentaron Sinclair con su ZX-81 y Acorn con su Prot\u00f3n, el cual terminar\u00eda ganando el concurso convirti\u00e9ndose en el BBC Micro.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tras la decisi\u00f3n de la BBC, el <strong><em>British Technology Group<\/em><\/strong>, que hab\u00eda reemplazado al <em>National Enterprise Board<\/em> como due\u00f1a de Newbury Labs, vendi\u00f3 los derechos del NewBrain a la empresa <strong><em>Grundy Business Systems Ltd<\/em><\/strong>, la cual ya fabricaba un ordenador con CP\/M 2.2 dentro de una carcasa de terminal. Grundy quer\u00eda entrar en el negocio de los ordenadores personales, para lo cual termino el desarrollo del NewBrain y comenz\u00f3 a producirlos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Se lanzaron dos modelos principales:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>NewBrain A <\/strong>que incluye conectores para TV y monitor.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>NewBrain AD<\/strong> que adem\u00e1s incluye una pantalla de tubos fluorescentes de vac\u00edo o <strong>VFD <\/strong>(<strong><em>vacuum fluorescent display<\/em><\/strong>) de una l\u00ednea y 16 caracteres que permit\u00eda su funcionamiento con o sin pantalla de televisi\u00f3n o monitor. La pantalla VF respond\u00eda a las teclas del cursor y se desplazaba por el \u00e1rea de visualizaci\u00f3n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Se fabric\u00f3 una versi\u00f3n personalizada, que \u00fanicamente posee el VFD, sin salida de video o TV, para una cadena farmac\u00e9utica.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>El NewBrain est\u00e1 basado en el Zilog Z80A, con 32KB de RAMAdem\u00e1s, era capaz de ejecutar el sistema operativo CP\/M 2.2, para lo cual Grundy lanz\u00f3 dos unidades de floppy disks drives de 5.25&#8243;: una con 40 pistas de simple cara y 200KB y otra con 80 pistas de doble cara y 800KB. En 1983 lanz\u00f3 para el NewBrain una unidad de 3.5&#8243; y 800KB.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tambi\u00e9n se lanz\u00f3 un chasis de expansi\u00f3n, que proporcionaba 64 KB de memoria adicional paginada, la cual era gestionada mediante la t\u00e9cnica de conmutaci\u00f3n de bancos. Esto le permit\u00eda tener varios m\u00f3dulos de ampliaci\u00f3n de 64 KB, hasta un m\u00e1ximo de 2MB. El chasis de expansi\u00f3n incorpora un puerto de impresora paralelo y dos puertos serie, y un bus de expansi\u00f3n para conectar m\u00f3dulos adicionales. El m\u00f3dulo de expansi\u00f3n incluye en ROM el <em>Software Series 2<\/em>, un versi\u00f3n mejorada de la ROM de incluida en la placa base, que a\u00f1ade opciones para manejar de los nuevos dispositivos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>El BASIC incluido en ROM es una versi\u00f3n extendida del <strong><em>ANSI BASIC<\/em><\/strong>, similar al m\u00e1s habitual Microsoft BASIC, con comandos que soportan el sistema de gr\u00e1ficos del ordenador, lo que le permit\u00eda dibujar puntos, l\u00edneas, arcos y rellenar \u00e1reas. Mediante el CP\/M, el NewBrain pod\u00eda utilizar, entre otros lenguajes, HiSoft Pascal, Fortran y Modula-2.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table alignwide is-style-stripes\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th colspan=\"4\">Caracter\u00edsticas t\u00e9cnicas<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Nombre<\/strong><\/td><td colspan=\"3\">NewBrain<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Fabricante<\/strong><\/td><td colspan=\"3\">Grundy Business Systems Ltd<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Pais<\/strong><\/td><td colspan=\"3\">Inglaterra<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>A\u00f1o<\/strong><\/td><td colspan=\"3\">1982<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Procesador<\/strong><\/td><td colspan=\"3\">Zilog Z80A @ 4Mhz<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Procesador gr\u00e1fico<\/strong><\/td><td colspan=\"3\"> COP420 MCU (controla el teclado y el VFD)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>RAM<\/strong><\/td><td colspan=\"3\">32KB ampliable hasta 2MB<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>ROM<\/strong><\/td><td colspan=\"3\">24KB<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Lenguaje integrado<\/strong><\/td><td colspan=\"3\">Extended ANSI BASIC<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Modos de Texto<\/strong><\/td><td colspan=\"3\">32&#215;25, 32&#215;30, 40&#215;25, 40&#215;30, 64&#215;25, 64&#215;30, 80x25x2, 80x30x2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Modos Gr\u00e1ficos<\/strong><\/td><td colspan=\"3\">256&#215;256, 320&#215;256, 512&#215;256, 640x256x2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Sonido<\/strong><\/td><td colspan=\"3\"><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Puertos de E\/S<\/strong><\/td><td colspan=\"3\">2x Tape recorder (1,200 Baud), Composite video, Expansion, 2x RS-232 (to 19,000 Baud), UHF TV output<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Alimentaci\u00f3n<\/strong><\/td><td colspan=\"3\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.udisks.ovh\/?p=266#Grundy\" data-type=\"link\" data-id=\"https:\/\/blog.udisks.ovh\/?p=266#Grundy\">Externa Tipo NB 11000\/1<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Perif\u00e9ricos<\/strong><\/td><td colspan=\"3\"><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-base-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color has-large-font-size wp-elements-32933c59381b176f1166c5b9f0cc2510\" style=\"border-radius:50px;background-color:#0000ff;padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\">COLECCI\u00d3N<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Este ordenador lo encontr\u00e9 en el rastro de Fuengirola en una caja de zapatos totalmente desarmado, pero por suerte, con todos los tornillos en una bolsita. Parece que comenzaron a cambiar los condensadores y lo dejaron a medias. Le puse los condensadores que le faltaban y tras montar el rompecabezas que es el New Brain, al encenderlo, el transformador sali\u00f3 echando humo. Por suerte solo fue el condensador antiparasitario RIFA. Tras cambiarlo ha funcionado perfectamente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cuando lo he vuelto a probar, a\u00f1os despu\u00e9s, ahora enciende, la pantalla muestra caracteres raros pero no hay salida de video. He comprobado la fuente de alimentaci\u00f3n y no da las tensiones correctas. He comprobado los condensadores y uno estaba fuera de rango, as\u00ed que los he cambiado. Vuelvo a comprobar las tensiones de salida, y a veces van y otras no&#8230; Finalmente me he dado cuenta que las patillas centrales de los dos transistores TIP 31A est\u00e1n partidas, y a veces hacen contacto y a veces no. Los he sustituido y ya funciona.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table alignwide is-style-stripes has-medium-font-size\"><table class=\"has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color has-background has-fixed-layout\"><thead><tr><th colspan=\"4\"><p style=\"text-align:center;\"><strong>Colecci\u00f3n<\/strong><\/p><\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td><strong>Modelo<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\">NewBrain AD<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>S\/N<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\">103631\/FDS<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Funciona<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\">SI<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Caja<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\" colspan=\"3\">0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Estado<\/strong><\/td><td class=\"has-text-align-left\" data-align=\"left\" 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src=\"https:\/\/www.mundocaos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Grundy-NewBrain-Handbook-pdf-212x300.jpg\" class=\"attachment-medium size-medium\" alt=\"\" \/>                            <\/div>\n                                                        <div class=\"fbdl-grid-detail\">\n                                <div>\n                                    <a href=\"https:\/\/www.mundocaos.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Grundy-NewBrain-Handbook.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"                                        class=\"fbdl-title\">\n                                        Grundy-NewBrain-Handbook                                    <\/a>\n                                <\/div>\n                                                                                                <span\n                                    class=\"fbdl-file-size\">14 MB<\/span>\n                            <\/div>\n                        <\/div>\n                        <a 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class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-base-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-d95bcae0a3fb6e66cc1b07ed82542823\" style=\"border-radius:50px;background-color:#0000ff;padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\">ENLACES<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/newbrainemu.eu\/new\">https:\/\/newbrainemu.eu\/new<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>http:\/\/www.8bit-homecomputermuseum.at\/repair\/newbrain\/newbrain.html<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>http:\/\/www.8bit-homecomputermuseum.at\/repair\/newbrain\/newbrain_ad_repair.html<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center has-base-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-97f680830ef812b1a560dd0fc4eb5dd6\" style=\"border-radius:50px;background-color:#0000ff;padding-top:0;padding-right:0;padding-bottom:0;padding-left:0\">SOFTWARE<\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El proyecto del NewBrain comenz\u00f3 en 1978 cuando Sinclair Radionics, en aquel momento en quiebra y gestionada por la empresa estatal NEB (National Enterprise Board), inici\u00f3 el trabajo de dise\u00f1o conjuntamente con Mike Wakefield como dise\u00f1ador y Basil Smith como ingeniero de software. Este proyecto pretend\u00eda competir con Apple II, lo cual no coincid\u00eda con [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4209,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[118,132,17,134],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4200","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ok","category-uk","category-ordenadores-varios","category-z80"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mundocaos.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4200","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mundocaos.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mundocaos.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mundocaos.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mundocaos.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4200"}],"version-history":[{"count":21,"href":"https:\/\/www.mundocaos.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4200\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":8434,"href":"https:\/\/www.mundocaos.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4200\/revisions\/8434"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mundocaos.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4209"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mundocaos.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4200"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mundocaos.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4200"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mundocaos.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4200"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}